10-12 minutes invested in planning your day will save at least 2 hours of wasted time and effort throughout the day; These time management strategies for work can help you live a more controlled life at work and home. The above mentioned time management techniques are like the mantras for changing the way you live. A time management schedule, from the name itself, is a form of an activity schedule designed to exercise control over the time period spent to carry out specific activities. This type of schedule is a lot like a weekly schedule or a monthly schedule as activities in a day are planned out wisely. How to Create a Time Management Schedule. Harvest crops and develop your business empire as you play best simulation games and time management games for PC. While cooking and farming games are considered the most popular simulation games for girls, tycoon games are somewhat any casual games addict reverts to from time to time.
The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s.[1] The technique uses a timer to break down work into intervals, traditionally 25 minutes in length, separated by short breaks. Each interval is known as a pomodoro, from the Italian word for 'tomato', after the tomato-shaped kitchen timer that Cirillo used as a university student.[2][3]
The technique has been widely popularized by dozens of apps and websites providing timers and instructions. Closely related to concepts such as timeboxing and iterative and incremental development used in software design; the method has been adopted in pair programming contexts.[4]
Description[edit]
There are six steps in the original technique:
- Decide on the task to be done.
- Set the pomodoro timer (traditionally to 25 minutes).[1]
- Work on the task.
- End work when the timer rings and put a checkmark on a piece of paper.[5]
- If you have fewer than four checkmarks, take a short break (3–5 minutes) and then return to step 2; otherwise continue to step 6.
- After four pomodoros, take a longer break (15–30 minutes), reset your checkmark count to zero, then go to step 1.
For the purposes of the technique, a pomodoro is the interval of time spent working.[1]
Regular breaks are taken, aiding assimilation. A short (3–5 minutes) rest separates consecutive pomodoros. Four pomodoros form a set. A longer (15–30 minute) rest is taken between sets.[1][6]
A goal of the technique is to reduce the impact of internal and external interruptions on focus and flow. A pomodoro is indivisible; when interrupted during a pomodoro, either the other activity must be recorded and postponed (using the inform – negotiate – schedule – call back strategy[7]) or the pomodoro must be abandoned.[1][6][8]
After task completion in a pomodoro, any time remaining could be devoted to activities such as:
- Review and edit the work just completed.
- Review the activities from a learning point of view: What did I learn? What could I do better or differently?
- Review the list of upcoming tasks for the next planned Pomodoro time blocks, and start reflecting on or updating those tasks.
Cirillo suggests:
Specific cases should be handled with common sense: If you finish a task while the Pomodoro is still ticking, the following rule applies: If a Pomodoro begins, it has to ring. It's a good idea to take advantage of the opportunity for overlearning, using the remaining portion of the Pomodoro to review or repeat what you've done, make small improvements, and note what you've learned until the Pomodoro rings.[9]
The stages of planning, tracking, recording, processing and visualizing are fundamental to the technique.[10] In the planning phase, tasks are prioritized by recording them in a 'To Do Today' list. This enables users to estimate the effort tasks require. As pomodoros are completed, they are recorded, adding to a sense of accomplishment and providing raw data for subsequent self-observation and improvement.[1]
Tools[edit]
The creator and his proponents encourage a low-tech approach, using a mechanical timer, paper, and pencil. The physical act of winding the timer confirms the user's determination to start the task; ticking externalises desire to complete the task; ringing announces a break. Flow and focus become associated with these physical stimuli.[1][11]
The technique has inspired application software for several platforms.[12][13]
Variations[edit]
There are many variations on the Pomodoro Technique. These allow individuals to tailor the principles of the Pomodoro Technique to better suit their personal working style.
Some variations include:
- Work in 90 minute time periods. Rather than a 25 minute focus period, work in 90 minute blocks. This reflects a natural concentration cycle.[14]
- Work in natural time periods. There may be natural time markers in one's life: for example, the period between meetings, or the time until one's kids or partner come home, or the time until the dishwasher finishes. Use these to define focus periods.[15]
- Monitor periods of naturally high productivity, and from this data work out the best productivity system.[16]
All of these approaches preserve the core Pomodoro Technique principle of working in specific time blocks, but they adjust the periods to better suit individual needs.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcdefgCirillo, Francesco. The Pomodoro Technique. www.pomodorotechnique.com. Retrieved 2011-05-08.
- ^Cummings, Tucker. 'The Pomodoro Technique: Is It Right For You?'. Lifehack. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^Cirillo, Francesco. 'The Pomodoro Technique (The Pomodoro)'(PDF). Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^Olsen, Patricia R.; Remsik, Jim (19 September 2009). 'For Writing Software, a Buddy System'. The New York Times.
- ^Cirillo, Francesco. 'GET STARTED'. The Pomodoro Technique. Retrieved 2016-01-06.
4. WHEN THE POMODORO RINGS, PUT A CHECKMARK ON A PAPER
Click the 'how' link and see step 4. Presumably, the piece of paper can be one's task list or similar. In any case, four check marks indicate a longer break (step 6). - ^ abNöteberg, Staffan. Pomodoro Technique Illustrated. Raleigh, N.C: Pragmatic Bookshelf. ISBN978-1-934356-50-0.
- ^https://lifehacker.com/productivity-101-a-primer-to-the-pomodoro-technique-1598992730
- ^Kaufman, Josh (2011). The Personal MBA: A World-Class Business Education in a Single Volume. Penguin UK. ISBN978-0-14-197109-4.
- ^Cirrilo, Francesco. The Pomodoro Technique: The Acclaimed Time-Management System That Has Transformed How We Work, p. 35.
- ^Cirrilo, Francesco. The Pomodoro Technique: The Acclaimed Time-Management System That Has Transformed How We Work, p. 27.
- ^Burkeman, Oliver (2011). Help! : how to be slightly happier, slightly more successful and get a bit more done. Edinburgh: Canongate. pp. 139–140. ISBN978-0-85786-025-5.
- ^Sande, Steven (2009-11-28). 'The Pomodoro Technique, or how a tomato made me more productive'. Engadget. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- ^Pash, Adam (2011). Lifehacker the guide to working smarter, faster, and better. Indianapolis, Ind: Wiley. Hack 29. ISBN978-1-118-13345-3.
- ^Schwartz, Tony (18 May 2010). 'The 90-Minute Solution: How Building in Periods of Renewal Can Change Your Work and Your Life (POLL) (VIDEO)'. Huff Post. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^Cooper, Belle Beth (8 August 2016). 'The best productivity system for procrastinators is to work with your natural tendencies'. Quartz Media. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^LightsAndCandy (17 August 2016). 'The Flowtime Technique'. Medium.com. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
External links[edit]
| Alternative names | Salsa Roja |
|---|---|
| Type | Sauce |
| Place of origin | Mexico[1] |
| Region or state | Aztec Empire |
| Main ingredients | Tomatoes |
| Variations | Salsa picante, Arrabbiata sauce |
|
Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, salsa roja in Spanish, or salsa di pomodoro in Italian) can refer to many different sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish, rather than as a condiment. Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as bases for Mexican salsas or sauces for pasta dishes. Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high water content, soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux). All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.
In countries such as the United Kingdom, India, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, the term tomato sauce is used to describe a condiment similar to ketchup.[2] In some of these countries, both terms are used for the condiment.
History[edit]
The first person to write about what may have been a tomato sauce was Bernardino de Sahagún, a Franciscan friar from the Kingdom of Spain who later moved to New Spain, mentioned a prepared sauce that was offered for sale in the markets of Tenochtitlan (Mexico City today).[3] The use of tomato sauce with pasta appeared for the first time in 1790 in the Italian cookbook L'Apicio moderno, by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi.[4]
Description[edit]
The simplest tomato sauce consists just of chopped tomatoes cooked down (possibly with olive oil) and simmered until it loses its raw flavor. Of course, it may be seasoned with salt, or other herbs or spices. Optionally, tomato skins may be scalded and peeled according to texture (especially thicker pelati paste varieties) and tomato seeds may be removed for aesthetic purposes, leaving just the tomato flesh and pulp.
Just like tomato puree or tomato paste, tomato sauce may be one of the ingredients in other dishes, like a tomato-based soup. The sauce is thinner than either the puree, or the paste (which is the thickest), and it may have additional flavors.
Water (or another, more flavorful, liquid, such as stock or wine) is sometimes added to keep it from drying out too much. Onion and garlic are almost always sweated or sautéed at the beginning before the tomato is added, or puréed together with tomatoes and then cooked together. Other seasonings typically include dried mild chili peppers (such as guajillo chili or pasilla chili), epazote, basil, oregano, parsley, and black pepper. Ground or chopped meat is also common.
Varieties[edit]
Mexican[edit]
Tomato sauce was an ancient condiment in Mesoamerican food. The first person to write about what may have been a tomato sauce was Bernardino de Sahagún, a Franciscan friar from the Kingdom of Spain who later moved to New Spain, made note of a prepared sauce that was offered for sale in the markets of Tenochtitlan (Mexico City today). Of this he wrote (translated from Spanish), Instaradio: stream radio 8 0.
They sell some stews made of peppers and tomatoes – usually put in them peppers, pumpkin seeds, tomatoes, green peppers and fat tomatoes and other things that make tasty stews.[3]
Spaniards later brought the use of tomatoes to Europe.
Basic Mexican tomato sauce (salsa de tomate rojo o jitomate) was traditionally prepared with a molcajete to puree the tomatoes. Food that is cooked in tomato sauce is known as entomatada. Tomato sauce is used as a base for spicy sauces and moles.[5]
Italian[edit]
The misconception that the tomato has been central to Italian cuisine since its introduction from the Americas is often repeated. Though the tomato was introduced from the Spanish New World to European botanists in the 16th century, tomato sauce made a relatively late entry in Italian cuisine: in Antonio Latini's cookbook Lo scalco alla moderna (Naples, 1692).[6]
Latini was chef to the Spanish viceroy of Naples, and one of his tomato recipes is for sauce alla spagnuola, 'in the Spanish style'. The first known use of tomato sauce with pasta appears in the Italian cookbook L'Apicio moderno, by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi, edited in 1790.[4]
Italian varieties of tomato sauce range from the very simple pasta al pomodoro to the piquant puttanesca and arrabbiata sauces. Tomato sauce with pasta can stand on its own or it can also be paired with ingredients such as Italian sausage, clams, bacon cubes, tuna, meatballs or vegetables, for a more lively pasta dish.
Tomato-garlic sauce is prepared using tomatoes as a main ingredient, and is used in various cuisines and dishes. In Italian cuisine, alla pizzaiola refers to tomato-garlic sauce, which is used on pizza, pasta and meats.[7]
French[edit]
Sauce tomate is one of the five mother sauces of classical French cooking, as codified by Auguste Escoffier in the early 20th century. It consists of salt belly of pork, onions, bay leaves, thyme, tomato purée or fresh tomatoes, roux, garlic, salt, sugar, and pepper.
New Zealand and South Africa[edit]
The most common use of the term tomato sauce in New Zealand and South Africa is to describe a popular, commercially produced condiment that is a type of table sauce, similar to American ketchup but without vinegar, which is typically applied to foods such as meat pies, sausages, other cooked meat (in particular steak), and fish and chips.[8] Tomato-based sauces served with pasta would commonly be referred to as 'pasta sauce' or 'Napoletana sauce'.[disputed]
United Kingdom[edit]
The meaning of the term 'tomato sauce' depends on the context; on a restaurant menu the phrase 'in a tomato sauce' means a freshly prepared tomato based sauce as used on pasta, and colloquially it may refer to either the pasta sauce, or American ketchup.[disputed]
Australia[edit]
In Australia 'tomato sauce' generally refers to the same style of table sauce as American ketchup but varies in mixture and doesn't contain onions.[9] Some sources say that Australian tomato sauce has less tomato than ketchup,[10] but this varies between brands and is not a universal feature. Australian tomato sauce is used in the same way as American ketchup. 'Tomato sauce' may also be used in its generic English meaning of a sauce primarily based on tomatoes, as in a menu item 'Gnocchi in a tomato sauce' where it would be understood that the sauce would be of the kind used in Italian cooking for pastas.
United States[edit]
In the U.S., 'tomato sauce' refers to two distinct sauces. One is a tomato concentrate with salt and minimal herbs, used in cooking. This product is considered incomplete and not normally used as is. Related ingredients are tomato purée and tomato paste, each of which is similar but paste has a thicker consistency. Tomato purée and tomato paste have FDA standards of identity (since 1939) for percentage of tomato solids, and generally do not contain seasonings other than salt; tomato sauce is nonstandardized.[11]
The second use of the term 'tomato sauce' in the U.S. is for a cooked sauce of tomatoes, usually containing olive oil and garlic. This type of tomato sauce is generally served with pasta, and sometimes with meat. Less commonly, it is served with chicken or beef alone. One popular variety of tomato sauce is marinara sauce, an Italian-American term for a simple tomato sauce with herbs – mostly basil and oregano.
Contrary to what the name might suggest ('marinara' is Italian for 'sailor-style') it is without seafood. In Italy, marinara refers either to sauces made with tomato and garlic (as in pizza marinara) or to seafood-based sauces or foods; in this case, the name does not imply that tomato is either included or excluded.
Some Italian Americans on the East Coast and around the Chicago area refer to tomato sauce as 'gravy', 'tomato gravy', or 'Sunday gravy', especially sauces with a large quantity of meat simmered in them, similar to the Italian Neapolitan ragù. The term 'Sunday gravy' derives from the Italian tradition of having a large, family dinner on Sunday afternoons. 'Gravy' is an erroneous English translation from the Italian sugo which means juice, but can also mean sauce (as in sugo per pastasciutta).[12]
The expression for 'gravy' in Italian is sugo d'arrosto, which is literally 'juice of a roast' and is not specifically tomato sauce.[12]Sicilian Americans in communities like Buffalo and Rochester, New York use the terms 'sarsa' and 'succu' interchangeably for tomato sauces of all types used with pasta, and 'gravy' only in reference to brown meat gravies. The Italian-American community of New Orleans, however, is largely Sicilian in origin and takes great pride in its Creole-Italian cuisine largely based on what is known locally as 'red gravy' (tomato sauce).
American supermarkets commonly carry a variety of prepared tomato sauces described as 'spaghetti sauce' or 'pasta sauce'. Common variations include meat sauce, marinara sauce, and sauces with mushrooms or sweet red peppers.
A can of tomato paste
Tinned mackerelfillet in tomato sauce is a popular food in Scandinavia
Louisiana[edit]
A spicy tomato sauce known as sauce piquante is common in LouisianaCajun cuisine, that can contain any seafood, poultry, or meats such as wild game. It is typically served over white rice. In Louisiana Creole cuisine, there is a tomato sauce known as a Creole sauce. It is similar to Italian tomato sauce, but features more Louisiana flavors derived from the fusion of French and Spanish cooking styles. They both usually contain the traditional holy trinity of diced bell pepper, onion, and celery.
Tomato gravy[edit]
Tomato gravy is distinct from the term as used by Italian Americans when referring to a type of tomato sauce particularly where tomatoes were a staple food. The cooked tomatoes, some fat (usually cured pork fat) and flour are cooked together until thick, and seasoned with salt and pepper. Onions or bell peppers may be added as well. Typically, tomato gravy is served over pasta.
Indian[edit]
Some Indian curries have a tomato based sauce, notably many vegetarian style dishes. Pdf reader 1 3 2.
Tomates Time Management 7 2 35
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Mexico's Early Cookbooks'. oxfordre.com.
- ^'traditional aussie meat pie with tomato sauce, Perth, Australia'. Journals.worldnomads.com. Retrieved 2010-11-17.
- ^ ab'Historia del tomate – Historia de la Cocina y la Gastronomía'. www.historiacocina.com (in Spanish).
- ^ abL'Arte della cucina in Italia, Emilio Faccioli, Einaudi, Milano, 1987
- ^'Traditional Mexican cuisine – ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm – intangible heritage'. www.unesco.org. Culture Sector – UNESCO. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
- ^Elizabeth David, Italian Food (1954, 1999), p. 319, and John Dickie, Delizia! The Epic History of the Italians and Their Food, 2008, p. 162.
- ^Anderson, B. (2001). The Foods of Italy: The Quality of Life. Naturalmente Italiano. Italian Trade Commission. p. 154. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
- ^'Tucker'. Australianbeers.com. Retrieved 2010-11-17.
- ^'Heinz Ketchup (US)'.'Heinz Ketchup (AU)'.
- ^'What's the difference between tomato sauce and ketchup?'. news.com.au. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
- ^'Contadina – Tips & Advice – Contadina FAQs'. Contadina.com. Retrieved 2010-11-17.
- ^ abLove, C., Webster's New World Italian Dictionary, Concise Edition (Macmillan 1991) ISBN0-13-953639-6
External links[edit]
| Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on |
- The Cook's Decameron: A Study In Taste, Containing Over Two Hundred Recipes For Italian Dishes from Project Gutenberg. This is from a very old source, and reflects the cooking at the turn of the 20th century.
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